Investigation on knowledge, attitude and practice of edema in critically ill patients among ICU nurses / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To understand the knowledge, attitude and practice of edema in patients with critically illness of ICU nurses, and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods:After developing the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Scale of Edema Status in Critically Ill Patients for ICU nurses by Delphi expert consultation method, the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of edema status of ICU nurses in six tertiary hospitals in Shanghai City was investigated by using convenience sampling method.Results:A total of 292 ICU nurses were investigated by questionnaire. The total scores of knowledge dimension, attitude dimension and practice dimension of critical patients with edema in ICU nurses were 38.27 ± 5.52, 58.33 ± 8.34 and 43.04 ± 8.05, respectively. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that age ( β=0.28, P<0.05) was the main factor affecting ICU nurses′ knowledge about edema state of critically ill patients; age( β=0.20, P<0.05) and education ( β=0.28, P<0.05) were the factors affecting ICU nurses' attitude towards edema state of critically ill patients; and years of nursing work ( β=0.28, P<0.05) was the factor affecting the practice of critically ill patients of ICU nurses. Conclusions:The level of knowledge and attitude towards edema in critically ill patients of ICU nurses is good, but the level of behavior is general. Nursing managers should strengthen the training related to edema for ICU nurses, further to form a standardized prevent-treatment plan and nursing process in order to actively improve the nursing practice of edema in critically ill patients.

Comparative evaluation of susceptibility testing methods for colistin and polymyxin B on isolates of Enterobacteriaceae / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To provide a promising and optimal laboratory susceptibility-testing method for the clinical usage of antibiotic (polymyxin), four susceptibility-testing methods were performed and the broth microdilution (BMD) was chosen as the gold standard.Methods:A total number of eighty-eight nonduplicate clinical Enterobacteriaceae specimes were collected from January to December of 2019 in the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University. Among the clinical specimens, of which six strains were positive for mcr-1. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of polymyxin of the clinical specimens were examined by the following methods: (1) broth microdilution, (2) colistin broth disk elution, (3) Vitek-2?, (4)BD PhoenixTM,(5)commercial broth microdilution. With BMD as reference, essential agreement (EA), categorical agreement(CA), very major error(VME) and major error (ME) of polymyxins for different methods were analyzed. The Kappa-consistency testing, paired Chi-square testing and the Spearman-rank correlation testing were used to analyze the consistency between the four antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods and the gold standard.Results:Taking broth microdilution as reference, the EA of colistin broth disk elution, Vitek-2?, BD PhoenixTM, commercial broth microdilution were 94.32% (83/88), 92.05% (81/88), 90.90% (80/88), and 96.59%(85/88), respectively. The CA of all the four methods were 100% (88/88). No VME and ME were recorded for four methods. Moreover, the consistency between four susceptibility testing methods and the gold standard is acceptable (Kappa values=1, P<0.001, McNemar test P=1 and r>0.5, P<0.05). Conclusions:In the present work, four susceptibility testing methods all met the standards recommended jointly by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, of which the performance of the commercial broth microdilution and CBDE fared relatively well. Thus, these four methods could be routinely used in clinical microbiology laboratory of our hospital for colistin and polymyxin B susceptibility testing.

Cytogenetic analysis of an amniotic sample with X chromosome abnormality signaled by non-invasive prenatal testing / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the chromosomal karyotype of a fetus with copy number variation (CNV) of the X chromosome signaled by non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT).@*METHODS@#NIPT was performed on the peripheral blood sample taken from the pregnant women. Amniotic fluid and cord blood samples were subjected to conventional G banded karyotyping, and were further analyzed by high-throughput sequencing for chromosome microdeletion/microduplication. The results were then verified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on metaphase cells.@*RESULTS@#The NIPT test of pregnant women suggested low risk for 21-trisomy, 18-trisomy, and 13-trisomy, whilst indicated the number of chromosome X to be low. The G banded karyotype of the amniotic fluid and cord blood cells was 46,XX. The result of high-throughput sequencing chromosome microdeletion/microduplication detection was seq[hg19](X)× 1, (Y)× 2. FISH showed a clear red signal at each end of a whole chromosome, and a green signal on the other chromosome, with a karyotype of 46,X,ish idic(Y) (q11.23) (SRY++, DXZ1+). C banding showed that there is a dense and a slightly loose centromere at both ends of the Y chromosome, and the parachromatin region was missing. The karyotype of amniotic fluid and cord blood cells was finally determined to be 46,X, pus idic(Y) (q11.23).@*CONCLUSION@#For chromosome anomalies suggested by auxiliary report of NIPT, conventional karyotyping combined with high-throughput sequencing for chromosome microdeletion/microduplication should be adopted for the prevention and reduction of the rate of chromosome microdeletion/microduplication syndromes.

Causes of oocyte vitrification and its value in assisted reproductive technology / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the causes of oocyte vitrification and its application in assisted reproduction.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively analyzed the data of 26 patients with 27 cycles of oocyte vitrification cryopreservation undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and embryo transfer between January, 2008 and October, 2018. The causes of oocyte vitrification and the outcomes of ICSI and clinical pregnancy were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The causes of oocytes vitrification included mainly azoospermia or severe spermatogenesis disorder of the husband, failure to obtain sperms from the husband, failure of the husband to be present on the day of oocyte retrieval and acute diseases of the husband to not allow sperm collection. A total of 274 oocytes were frozen in 27 oocyte retrieval cycles, and 217 eggs were thawed in 19 cycles with a survival rate of 81.11% (176/217). The normal fertilization rate, cleavage rate and high-quality embryo rate was 74.81% (98/131), 89.80% (88/98) and 36.73% (36/98), respectively. Fifteen patients underwent embryo transfer, and the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate was 53.33% (8/15) and 33.33% (5/15), respectively. Compared with patients below 35 years of age, the patients aged above 35 years had significantly lower oocyte survival rate after thawing (82.76% 74.42%, =0.211), clinical pregnancy rate (77.78% 16.67%, =0.041) and live birth rate (55.56% 0, =0.044).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Oocytes vitrification can be used as a remedy for infertile couples who fail to provide sperms due to male factors on the day of oocyte retrieval. Vitrification of the oocytes does not significantly affect the fertilization rate or the clinical pregnancy rate. The survival rate of the thawed oocytes is related to the age of the wife, and an age younger than 35 years can be optimal for achieving favorable clinical pregnancy outcomes after oocyte vitrification.

CEP55 may be a potential therapeutic target for non-obstructive azoospermia with maturation arrest / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated CEP55 gene silencing on the proliferation of mouse spermatogonia.@*METHODS@#Six patients with azoospermia diagnosed to have maturation arrest (3 cases) or normal spermatogenesis (3 cases) based on testicular biopsy between January 1 and December 31, 2017 in our center were examined for differential proteins in the testicular tissue using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ), and CEP55 was found to differentially expressed between the two groups of patients. We constructed a CEP55 siRNA for transfection in mouse spermatogonia and examined the inhibitory effects on CEP55 expressions using Western blotting and qPCR. The effect of CEP55 gene silencing on the proliferation of mouse spermatogonia was evaluated with CCK8 assay.@*RESULTS@#In the testicular tissues from the 6 patients with azoospermia, iTRAQ combined with LC/MS/MS analysis identified over two hundred differentially expressed proteins, among which CEP55 showed the most significant differential expression between the patients with maturation arrest and those with normal spermatogenesis. The cell transfection experiment showed that compared with the cells transfected with the vehicle or the negative control sequence, the mouse spermatogonia transfected with CEP55 siRNA showed significantly lowered expressions of CEP55 mRNA and protein ( < 0.05) and significantly decreased proliferation rate as shown by CCK8 assay ( < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#CEP55 may play a key role in spermatogenesis and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for non-obstructive azoospermia with maturation arrest.

Clinical and laboratory analysis of a neonate with Down syndrome and a novel GATA1 gene mutation / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical and molecular biological characteristics of a neonate with myeloid proliferation related to Down syndrome (DS).@*METHODS@#The neonate, who was suspected for Down syndrome, was analyzed in terms of clinical feature, peripheral blood cell morphology, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), immunological classification and other laboratory tests. On hundred and fourteen leukemia-related genes were subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS).@*RESULTS@#Laboratory test revealed obvious abnormal liver function and coagulation function, anemia, and extreme leukocytosis. Cell smear indicated significantly increased progenitor cells, which conformed to proliferation of megakaryocytes. FISH showed trisomy 21. By NGS, c.220+dupT, a novel mutation, was identified in exon 2 of the GATA1 gene, which encodes a N-terminal activation domain and has a frequency of 95.8%. No mutation was identified among the remaining 113 genes.@*CONCLUSION@#The neonate had DS and GATA1 gene mutation. High percentage of circulating blasts should be considered as transient myelodysplasia but not congenital leukemia.

A meta-analysis of Kangai injection combined with chemotherapy in treating colorectal cancer / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of Kangai injection combined with Chemotherapy in treating Colorectal cancer. Methods The CNKI, Wanfang, CBM, VIP, Medline and Cochrane Library from inception to the August 17th 2017 were searched, and all the relevant journals, and the literature of RCTs were enrolled. The quality of RCTs was assessed by Jadad scores, meta-analyses were performed by Review Manager 5.3 software. Results 21 Chinese articles were enrolled, including three high quality article, and the Jadad average score is 2.7. 1 879 patients were included. The result of Meta-analyses showed that intervention could improve the quality of life [OR=3.29, 95% CI (2.53-4.27), P＜0.01]; improve the short-term effects [OR=1.79, 95% CI (1.36-2.37),P＜0.001]; reduce the gastrointestinal reactions [OR=0.36,95% CI (0.29-0.45), P＜0.01], reduce bone marrow suppression reaction [OR=0.35, 95% CI (0.27-0.44),P＜0.01]. reduce the peripheral neurotoxicity [OR=0.57, 95% CI (0.41-0.78), P＜0.01], improve the abnormal liver function [OR=0.0.41,95% CI (0.26-0.65), P＜0.01], and improve the abnormal renal function [OR=0.55,95% CI (0.31-0.98), P=0.04]. Conclusions The combination of Kangai injection and Chemotherapy in treating Colorectal cancer is better than only using chemotherapy. However, we need more high-quality RCTs to improve the research.

Blind Sample Assessment of Sodium Saccharin in Drinks / 中国药师

Objective: To evaluate the testing level of the relevant items in food inspection agency laboratory objectively, analyze the existing problems and help them enhance the ability of detection.Methods: The blind sample assessment of sodium saccharin in drinks was organized and performed.The test samples at high and low concentrations were prepared and studied by the tests of homogeneity and stability.Those met the requirements of blind sample assessment were randomly distributed to 193 laboratories and the returned data were analyzed statistically.Results: Totally 182 valid data were collected.Among the reported results, those from 85 laboratories were satisfied in the low concentration group with the satisfaction rate of 87.6% , those from 12 laboratories were not satisfied, and no results were suspicious;as for the high concentration group, the above data was 67(78.8%), 12 and 6, respectively.The overall satisfaction rate was 83.5%.The results, especially the dissatisfied and suspicious data, were analyzed by the original records of each participating laboratory, the analysis focused on 8 aspects including detection method, instrument brand, control product variety, pretreatment method, recovery rate, column selection and the other influencing factors, and suggestions were given to every laboratory to improve its own situation.Conclusion: The statistical data reflect that our food testing laboratory has strong detection ability in the determination of saccharin sodium in beverages, and can provide powerful technical support for the regulatory authorities.

Application effect of WeChat intervention in patients with musculoskeletal injuries in emergency department / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the effect of WeChat intervention on mood ,coping style and satisfaction of the patients with musculoskeletal injury in emergency department .Methods Seventy-six patients with acute musculoskeletal injury in the emer-gency department of a grade 3A hospital in Zhengzhou City from September 2016 to March 2017 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and intervention group ,38 cases in each group .The control group was given the conventional guidance ,health education and telephone follow up ;while on this basis ,the intervention group received the musculoskeletal injury related information with WeChat sent by the emergency informatization research group ,the personalized guidance and answering the patient′s questions by network communication were performed .The mood ,coping style and patient satisfaction after 1 week intervention were com-pared between the two groups .Results The Brief Profile of Mood State score after 1 week intervention in the intervention group was (41 .55 ± 8 .40) points and the Grogan Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire score was (83 .45 ± 8 .07) ,which were lower than (46 .13 ± 9 .37) points and (94 .58 ± 9 .49) points ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05);in the intervention group , the face-face coping ,avoidance coping and surrender coping were significantly improved (P<0 .05) .Conclusion After 1 weeks of in-tervention ,patients in the intervention group were better than those in the control group in mood ,medical coping and satisfac-tion ,It is a kind of intervention method worthy of popularization .

Consideration on Establishment of Physiochemical Quality Standard for Health Food / 中国药师

Under the enforcement background of the newly issued Food Safety Law and combined with the work on registration and record of health food , the article put forward the problems and challenges of health food regulation according to the physiochemical quality standard for health food .The paper provided methods and suggestions for the establishment of physical and chemical indices for health food , and discussed how to improve the compositions of physical and chemical testing indicators for health food and improve the specificity of the standard , which can provide basis and guarantee for the post-marketing supervision of health food .

Genetic analysis and counseling for two fetal cases with large de novo Yq deletions / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the deletion region for two fetal cases with large Yq deletions in order to provide genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>For both cases, amniotic fluid samples were cultured and analyzed with G banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Multiplex polymerase chain reaction was also carried out to amplify 15 sequence tagged sites (STS) of azoospermia factor (AZF) on the Y chromosome.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For both samples, the karyotypes were determined as 46,X,del(Y)(pter→q11:). No heterochromatin was found in C band. The karyotypes of their fathers were 46,XY, and heterochromatin was found in C band. STS analyses suggested that only sY82, sY84 and sY86 in AZFa were amplifiable while the other 12 STS were negative in amniotic fluid for the first case, which indicated deletions of AZFb, AZFd and AZFc. No AZF deletion was found in its father. For the second case, all 15 STS were amplifiable in the amniotic fluid, suggesting no AZF deletion. No AZF deletion was found in its father too.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Conventional karyotyping combined with FISH and molecular genetics techniques can enable characterization of AZF microdeletions and facilitate genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis.</p>

Development and application of reference materials containing mixed degradation products of amoxicillin and ampicillin / 药学学报

Reference materials containing mixed degradation products of amoxicillin and ampicillin were developed after optimization of preparation processes. The target impurities were obtained by controlled stress testing, and each major component was identified with HPLC-MS and compared with single traceable reference standard each. The developed reference materials were applied to system suitability test for verifying HPLC system performed in accordance with set forth in China Pharmacopeia and identification of major impurities in samples based on retention and spectra information, which have advantages over the methods put forth in foreign pharmacopoeias. The development and application of the reference materials offer an effective way for rapid identification of impurities in chromatograms, and provide references for analyzing source of impurities and evaluation of drug quality.

Tripterygium glycosides combined with Xiangdan injection in HSPN efficacy and influence of the clotting mechanism / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To observe effects of tripterygium glycosides combined with Xiangdan injection in henoch schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN)and influence of the clotting mechanism,providing reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods 76 cases of children with allergic purpura nephritis were randomly divided into control group(n=38)and observation group(n=38)according to the random number table.Control group was given Xiangdan injection treatment.Observation group was given Xiangdan injection treatment combined with tripterygium glycoside.12 weeks was considered as a course of treatment. Results After treatment,the total efficiency rate in treatment group(94.74%)was significantly higher than control group(68.42%),which was statistically different(P <0.05).Before treatment,prothrombin time(PT),fibrinogen(FIB),activated partial thromboplastin time(APPT),platelet(PLT)levels were not significantly different between two groups;FIB and PLT levels in the control group were significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05 ),PT and APPT had no statistically significant difference before and after treatment.After treatment in observation group,FIB and PLT levels were significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05 ),PT level was significantly higher compared with before treatment(P<0.05 ),APTT level had no difference before and after treatment.After treatment,PT in treatment group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05 ),PLT in treatment group were significantly lower than the control group (P <0.05 ),FIB and APTT had no statistical difference.There was no adverse reaction in two groups after treatment.Conclusion Tripterygium glycosides combined with Xiangdan injection treatment for HSPN has significant effect,which affect the children clotting mechanism to improve the PT,FIB,PLT levels.It is safe and valuable in clinical research.

Effects of continuous wound infusion of ropivacaine for postoperative analgesia on local inflammation / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of continuous wound infusion of ropivacaine for postoperative analgesia on local inflammation.Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 45-64 yr,weighing 45-80 kg,undergoing simple nephrectomy,were randomized into either continusous wound infusion of local anesthetic group ( group CWI ) or control group ( group C),with 20 cases each.Group CWI were treated with continuous wound infusion of 0.25％ ropivacaine for postoperative analgesia,while group C were infused with the same volume of normal saline.All patients received patient-controlled analgesia with intravenous morphine.At 6,12,24 and 48 h after operation,the accumulated consumption of morphine was documented,and the concentration of prostaglandinE2 (PGE2) of drainage was determined using ELISA.Results Compared with group C,the accumulated consumption of morphine was decreased,and the PGE2 concentration was decreased in group CWI at each time points.Conclusion The mechanism of postoperative analgesic effect of continuous wound infusion of ropivacaine is related to the suppression of local inflammation in wound sites.

Clinical analysis of 6 patients with internal carotid steal syndrome / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical features of internal carotid steal syndrome. Methods The clinical manifestations, CT or MRI, digital subtraction angiography, and blood flow compensation in 6 patients with internal carotid steal syndrome were analyzed. Results Of the 6 patients, 2 had unilateral internal carotid artery stenosis, 4 had severe stenosis (in which 2 were on the left side, 1 was on the right side, and 1 was on both sides). The clinical manifestations of the patients with internal carotid steal syndrome were watershed infarction and transient ischemic attack. Four patients had posterior circulation ischemia and 2 had anterior circulation ischemia. Digital subtraction angiography demonstrated that collateral circulation was established in all the 6 patients. The anterior communicating artery, posterior communicating artery, and pial artery were the common compensatory vessels. Conclusions Internal carotid artery steal syndrome can be presented as anterior or posterior circulation ischemia, and the collateral circulation plays an important role in the compensation.

Theory of selectivity of RP-LC C18 column and its application / 药学学报

In recent years, more and more researchers focus on the selectivity of RP-HPLC columns. Among these columns, C18 column is the most commonly used the column. Yet even the same filler can not give us the same separation effect with the columns of different brands and different types, therefore, it is important to choose the suitable HPLC column for carrying out an experiment. After study in recent years, some column classification, selection methods (e.g.: column parameter method, F value method) have been achieved and contributed to the finding of suitable columns and reducing the blindness of column selection. This paper summarizes the advantages of these methods and their limitations in the application process, and gives some advices and expectations to pharmaceutical analysis works based on the works of other researchers.

Study on excretion of ginsenoside Rg2 in rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the ginsenoside Rg2 and study its excretion in bile, feces and urine of rat.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method with an ultra-violet detector (UVD) was performed at a detection wavelength of 203 nm and with a Dikma Diamonsil C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm), which the mobile phase was consisted of methanol-aq. 4% H3PO4 (65:35), for determination of the ginsenoside Rg2 in bile, feces and urine after administration of the ginsenoside Rg2 to rat at a tail vein single dose of 20 mg x kg(-1).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The HPLC-UVD method fulfilled all the standard requirements of linearity, recovery, precision, and accuracy. After tail vein administration of the ginsenoside Rg2 to rat, the 5.5 hour cumulative biliary excretion rate and the 24-hour cumulative feces excretion rate of intact ginsenoside Rg2 were 27.2% and 22.6% of the administered dose, respectively. But intact ginsenoside Rg2 could not be detected in urine during this experimental period.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The bile and feces were the main excretion routs of the unchanged form after tail vein administration of the ginsenoside Rg2 to rat.</p>

Observation on Peripheral Nerve Block in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease after Introcoronary Stent(ICS) undergoing Lower-extremity Surgery / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Purpose]To study the changes of hemodynamic response and the states of myocardial ischemia with peripheral nerve block in patients with coronary heart disease after introcoronary stent(ICS)undergoing lower-extremity surgery in order to guide the clinical application.[Methods]Peripheral nerve block was performed on 32 patients with coronary heart disease after ICS undergoing lower-extremity surgery,the SP,DP and HR were measured before anesthesia,at the beginning of incision,30 min after the incision of surgery and after completion of operation;the states of myocardial ischemia reflected by DCG were monitored before 24h of surgery,2～5h after the incision and 48h after completion of operation.[Results]The SP,DP and HR were decreased more significantly at the beginning of incision,30 min after the incision of surgery and after completion of operation than before anesthesia(P0.05).The frequency of occurences of myocardial ischemia during and after the surgery was increased significantly(P

Dynamic change on GABA transporter mRNA in the hippocampus of rats following PTZ-kindled / 临床神经病学杂志

Objective To study the role of GABA (? aminobutyric acid) transporters in kindled.Methods The rat's GABA model following PTZ kindled was made.The expression of GABA transporter subtype in the hippocampus(GAT 1 mRNA) was measured after PTZ (pentylenetetrazol) kindled seizures by using semiquantitative technique,reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR).Results GAT 1 mRNA was significantly increased in the hippocampus at 0 hour,48 hours,and 1 week after PTZ kindled seizures. Up regulation of expression of GAT 1 mRNA returned to the control levels after 1 month. No changes in the expression of GAT 1 mRNA were observed after 60 days of PTZ kindled seizures.Conclusion The expression of GAT 1 mRNA with up regulation may be associated with the epilepsy susceptibility.